Design with Constraints
Biologist, innovation consultant, and author, Janine Benyus has dedicated her life to the idea that learning from natural models is the best way to achieve sustainable design. Through her Biomimicry Guild, she has inspired companies to look to nature as model, measure, and mentor in the design process.
She has a lot in common with Charles Eames, who said that design “depends largely on constraints.” For Benyus, it’s a matter of the way everything on earth, with the regrettable exception of most humans, learns to live within nature’s limits.
Mimicking nature’s wisdom results in products such as Quilty textile. It uses engineering on the molecular level to mimic the surface of the lotus leaf so that water and oil roll off its surface.
Benyus was recently honored with the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Award for her pioneering work. Her willingness to learn from the limits nature imposes recalls another Eames statement from nearly 50 years ago: “Here is one of the few effective keys to the design problem: the ability of the designer to recognize as many of the constraints as possible and his willingness and enthusiasm for working within these constraints.”

Biomimicry is a discipline that has long interested scientists. Although it was first introduced by George de Mestral who used the technology to imitate the action of a burr sticking to his dogs’ fur, thus patenting velcro in 1955. Since then, biomimicry has caught the eye of many across several disciplines. From the army using biomimicry for camouflage purposes, athletes using shark’s skin technology to give themselves an advantage in the water, to designers using innovative ideas from nature to put products on the runway, biomimicry has become the backbone to numerous new technologies.
The specific example of Herman Miller’s Quilty textile given in the above article follows the practices of de Mestral set forth over a half century ago. Engineering textiles on a molecular level to mimic that of a lotus leaf in its ability to resist water absorption is a feat in and of itself; moreover, innovation of this magnitude in the field of biomimicry is immeasurable.